میرا کزن جوان ہے۔ – Mera cousin jawan hai. – मेरा चचेरा भाई जवान है.

English: My cousin is young.

Grammar Focus:

Tense: Present Simple – used to describe the state or permanent characteristics of a person right now or generally true.

Structure: Possessive adjective + Subject + verb "is" + Adjective. (My = Possessive adjective, cousin = Subject, is = verb, young = Adjective describing the cousin)

Simple Rule: When you want to describe an age, quality, or characteristic of someone, use: Possessive + Subject + is/are + word that describes them.

میرا (Mera): Means "my" – possessive adjective showing ownership/relation

کزن (Cousin): Means "cousin" – can be masculine or feminine (here used for a male cousin in masculine form)

جوان (Jawan): Means "young" – adjective that describes age or youthfulness

ہے (Hai): Means "is" – shows present time and singular subject

In Urdu: Possessive adjectives change based on the noun they modify. "Mera" is for masculine nouns. "Meri" is used for feminine nouns like "meri cousin" (my female cousin). The adjective "jawan" can be used the same way for both genders.

Use case Sentences:

When to Use: When describing someone's age, personal qualities, or characteristics. Use this for describing family members, friends, and people you know.

Examples: My sister is smart. Your brother is tall. His teacher is kind. Her friend is friendly.

Real-World: "My cousin is young, so he likes to play sports and video games." Or in Urdu: "Mera cousin jawan hai, isliye wo khel aur video games pasand karta hai."

Synonyms / Alternatives:

Synonyms: Words that mean the SAME thing

✓ "My cousin is youthful." – means young, but more formal

✓ "My cousin is not old." – describes age in a negative way (opposite of old)

Alternatives: Different ways to say the SAME idea

✓ "My cousin is a young person." – adds more description with "person"

✓ "My young cousin." – uses adjective before the noun instead of after "is"

Common Mistake:

❌ Mistake: "My cousin young is." (Wrong word order)

✅ Correct: "My cousin is young." (Subject + is + Adjective)

Why: In English, the verb "is" must come BEFORE the adjective, not after.

❌ Mistake: "My cousins is young." (Wrong verb)

✅ Correct: "My cousins are young." (Use "are" for plural)

Why: Use "is" only for singular nouns. Use "are" for plural (more than one).

Short Explanation:

"My cousin is young" means your cousin has the quality or characteristic of being young in age. It describes a family member and their age or youthfulness.

Possessive Adjective (My): Shows the relationship – the cousin belongs to or is related to you.

Subject (cousin): The family member we are talking about.

Verb (is): The linking verb that connects the subject to their characteristic or quality.

Adjective (young): Describes the subject – it tells us about the cousin's age or youthfulness.

This sentence describes a family member's characteristics or age. It's commonly used when introducing people, describing family relationships, and talking about age or personal qualities.

Practice Exercise:

1. Fill the blank: "Your sister ___ intelligent." (is / are)

Answer: is (because "sister" is singular)

2. Fill the blank: "Their parents ___ kind." (is / are)

Answer: are (because "parents" is plural)

3. Translate to English: "میری دوست خوبصورت ہے۔" (Meri dost khoobsurat hai.)

Answer: "My friend is beautiful."

Why: Same pattern – Possessive + Subject + is + Adjective